Arrangement for facilitating the starting of internal-combustion engines



Dec. 10, 1929. 'MU 1,739,084

ARRANGEMENT FOR FACILITATING THE STARTING OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINESOriginal Filed March 25, 1921 M In Patented Dec. 10, 1929 rnrnnnrcnMfume, 01? VIENNA, AUSTRIA ARRANGEMENT FOR FACILITATING THE STARTING FINTERNAL- COMBUSTION ENGINES 0rigina1 application filed March 25, 1921,Serial No. 455,575, and in Austria November 16, 1916 Patent No.1,570,914, dated January 26, 1926. Divided and this application filedJuly 15, 1925. Serial No.

(GRANTED UNDER THE PROITISIONS 01 THE ACT OF MARCH 3, 1921, 41 STAT. L,1313) l have filed applications as follows:

Austria, filed Nov. 16th, 1916, granted Oct. 29th, 1919, No. 80,052;France, filedJuly 9th, 1920, granted May 9th, 1921, No. 524,200;Germany, filed July. 10th, 1920, granted April 28th, 1923, No. 377 ,d30;Hungary, filed Sept. th,1920,granted Oct. 23rd, 1923, No. 845,927;Czechoslovakia, filed Oct. 9th, 1920, granted June 25th, 1923, No.11,097; Poland, filed Dec. 9th, 1920, not yet accepted; Belgium, filedMar. 5th, 1921, granted May 5th, 1921, No. 294,486; Italy, filed Mar.29th, 1921, granted June 22nd, 1923, No. 562/62; Spain, filed Mar. 30th,1921, granted Sept. 19th, 1921, No. 7 7,693 Holland, filed June 21st,1922, granted Feb. 16th, 1925, No. 12,878; Sweden, filed July 8th, 1922,not yet accepted; Switzerland, filed July 21st, 1922, granted Nov. 27th,1922, N0.'97,711; Denmark, filed'Aug. 10th, 1922, granted Nov. 6th,1923, No. 32,506; Norway, filed Jan. 8th, 1923, granted Oct. 6th, 1924:,190.40585.

' The present invention, being a division of application Serial Number455,57 5, March 25, 1921, since matured into Patent No. 1,57 0,914, Jan.26, 1926, relates to a method of starting internal combustion enginesthe working cylinder or cylinders of which are cooperating withauxiliary pumps for example with pumps for producing injection air, forproducing scavenging air, for producing starting air or with fuel pumpsfor conveying the fuel, or with cooling water pumps and the like and inwhich on starting on the one hand the compression resistances of theworking cylinders and on the other hand the working resistances of theauxiliary pumps are entirely or partially relieved.

The invention consists in-this that the cooperating working andauxiliary cylinders are brought into normal compression by means commonto these cooperating cylinders for multi-cylinder engines comprising aplurality of working cylinders the invention consists in this that theworking cylinders and auxiliary brought into normal operation insequence mdividually or in groups.

The advantages of such a modification of the method lie, not only in thepossibility of putting the engine into operation with a small quantityof starting energy, but also in the fact that the auxiliary pumpscommence to work during the starting period exactly at the correctmoment. It is, for instance, of importance for Diesel engines thatbefore the first compression stroke no fuel shall reach the workingcylinder, so that, when passing to the full compression, prematureignition and the reversal of the engine shaft caused thereby may beavoided. For the same reason, before the first compression stroke, noinjection air should be admitted, which conveys the fuel or the remainsof fuel in the nozzle into the working cylinder in a finely dividedstate at the wrong time. This is best effected in those cases in whichthe compressors serving for the production of the injection air areconnected directly to the point of injection Without the interpositionof air vessels, by employing the starting method'according to theinvention, according to which the fuel pumps and the injection aircompressors are to come into operation only at the start of the actualworking process.

The auxiliary pumps can be uncoupled during the starting period fordoing away with the working resistances by stoppingthe driving members,or they are put in motlon at the same time as the engine by thestartingmeans, preferably by controlling means, which put the pumps outof operation, belng cpnnected with the starting gear of the englne insuch a manner that the auxiliary pumps are brought up to the normaldelivery as soon as the working cylinders pass to the normalcompression. If the auxiliary pumps (1. e. more particularly the airpumps for producmg start.- ing, injection and scavenglng air, the fuelpump cylinders are pumps for conveying the operating fuel, the coolingwater pumps and the like) are put in motion by the starting meanssimultaneously with the engine, the air or water, respectively, must beallowed to escape from the auxiliary pump cylinders, so that there maybe no working resistancestin them, which is eifected in the simplestmanner by holding open the suction or pressure valves.

7 On the drawings: Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic layout of an engineincluding fuel air, and scavenging pumps together with a controlembodying the features of this invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmenta detail of an auxiliary cam arrangement or openinga main valve in one cylinder. I

Fig. 3 is ano her view of the cam of Figure 2.

The drawing shows in Fig. 1 a construc- A tional form with a joint airescape means for the working cylinder and the auxiliary pump cylindersby means of cocks, while Figs. 2 and 3 show another way of providing forthe escape of air from the cylinders by means of auxiliary startingcams. The working cylinder is marked 1, the mjection compressor 2, thescavenging pump 3 and the fuel pum 4. For relieving the compression andwor ing resistances 1n the various cylinders, controllin means areprovided, which put the working cylinder 1 and v the auxiliary pumpcylinders 2, 3, 4 entirely mal workmg as soon as t or partially out ofoperation during starting, the arrangement'being preferably such, thatthis control is connnected with the starting gear of the motor in such amanner, that the auxiliary pumps are brought up to the nore workingcylinders pass to the normal compression. The

controlling means comprise cut-ofi members for the cylinders, such forinstance as the cocks 5, 6, 7, 8, which are connected together by rods 9and 10 and can be operated both by a handle 11 and by a handle 12.Starting is effected with the cooks open. As all the compression andworking resistances are cut out,

the engine, under the action of the starting medium, attains in a fewrevolutions such a speed that after closing of the cooks the flywheel 13can overcome, not only the working strokes of the auxiliary umpcylinder, but the compression stroke 0 the working cylinder, thusinitiating the first working process.

Fig. 2 is a side view in section through one of the auxiliary cylinders,from which the air escapes by opemn a main valve by means of auxiliarycams. he auxiliary ump cyl inder is marked 1, the-valve 2 and the camshaft 3. The valve 2 is operated in the working position by a cam 4 andin the starting position by a cam 5 as well; As'will be seen from Fig.3, the two, cams lie adjacent to one another. In order that, onstarting, a cam roller 6 may come in contact with both cams,

the cam shaft is, for instance dis laced in the axial direction. The cam5 eeps the valve 2 open almost during anentire cycle, so that theauxiliary pump has no work to perform.

,In the case of multi-cylinder engines, the passing of all the auxiliarypump cylinders to the normal working position will be effectedgradually. The gradual passing to the normal working position can bebrou ht about, either singly or in groups, one a ter another, withstarting gear for each group or preferably with a common starting gear,

e. first only one grou of working and auxiliary pump cylinders elongingtogether, is started and then, one after another, either oneor moregroups of the remaining cylinders.

The character of the invention is not in any way altered, if one or moreauxilary pumps are not operated by the starting gear.

Thus, for instance, the starting air or cooling water pumps can commenceworking when the engine is running. On the other hand the scavenging airpumps of two-stroke engines can be put into the running position soonerthan the corresponding working cylinders, in

order to obtain, with certainty, the compression pressure required forthe first ignitions.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a Diesel engine, or the like, and in combination, a workingcylinder, one or more associated auxiliary driven cylinders, cylinderpressure release means for said working cylinder and each said auxiliarycylinder, and means for operatin the said release means to prevent thebuil ing up of excessive pressure within all of said cylinders duringthe initial starting operation.

2. In a Diesel engine, or the like, and in combination, a working clinder, one or more associated auxiliary riven cylinders cylinderpressure release means for sai working cylinder and for each associatedauxiliary driven cylinder, and operating means common .to t c saidseveral pressure release means for simultaneously operating saidpressure release means to prevent the building up of excessive pressureswithin all of said cylinders during the initial starting operation.

3. In a Diesel engine, or the like, and in combination, a workingcylinder and one or more associated auxiliary driven cylinders, the saidcylinders being associated to operatively function as a unit, cylinderpressure release means for each said working cylinder and associatedauxiliary drivencylinder, and operating means common to the said severalpressure release means for sim'ultan-. eously operating said pressurerelease means to prevent the buildin up of excessive pressures withinall of said cylinders during the initial starting operation.

4. In a Diesel engine, or the like, and in r vennee my name,

FRIEDRICH M' 3 LEE.

